Scylla bait fish are the small fish that the sea monster Scylla was said to feed on, but in practical terms for anglers, the name refers to the bait used to catch fish in waters where Scylla is a threat—specifically, the narrow strait between Italy and Sicily. In Greek mythology, Scylla was a six-headed monster who lurked in a cave on a cliff, snatching sailors from passing ships. Today, the term “Scylla bait fish” is most often used by fishermen in the Strait of Messina, where they fish for swordfish and tuna using live bait that mimics the small fish Scylla herself was said to devour. This article explains the mythological background, the real-world fishing context, and how to choose and use bait in such waters.
Mythological Background of Scylla
In Homer’s Odyssey, Scylla is a six-headed monster who lives in a cave on a high cliff on one side of a narrow strait, opposite the whirlpool Charybdis. Odysseus must sail his ship between them, and Scylla snatches six of his men, one for each head. Later writers, such as Ovid in his Metamorphoses, tell a different story: Scylla was once a beautiful nymph whom the sea god Glaucus loved, but the witch Circe, jealous, turned her into a monster. In some versions, Scylla’s lower body is made of dog-like heads, and she is often depicted with a ring of snarling dogs around her waist. The strait where she lived is generally identified with the Strait of Messina, between Sicily and the Italian mainland. The myth says she devoured fish and dolphins as well as sailors, which is why the idea of “Scylla bait fish” connects to the small fish that would attract her attention.
Why the Strait of Messina Is Famous for Fishing
The Strait of Messina is a narrow channel, about 3 kilometers wide at its narrowest point, connecting the Ionian Sea to the Tyrrhenian Sea. It has strong tidal currents and deep waters, creating a unique ecosystem that attracts large pelagic fish like swordfish, bluefin tuna, and albacore. For centuries, local fishermen have used a technique called lampare (using lights at night) to attract small fish, which in turn attract larger predators. The strait is also known for its spada (swordfish) season, which runs from late spring to early autumn. The myth of Scylla and Charybdis is so tied to this area that fishermen still refer to the dangerous currents and rocky outcrops as “Scylla” and “Charybdis.”
What “Scylla Bait Fish” Means to Anglers
In modern fishing terminology, “Scylla bait fish” is not a standard term in tackle shops, but it is used informally to describe the bait used in the waters near Scylla’s legendary home. Anglers targeting large predators in the Strait of Messina often use live bait such as:
- Bluefish (Pomatomus saltatrix) – a common baitfish in the Mediterranean, known for its oily scent that attracts swordfish.
- Mackerel (Scomber scombrus) – a classic live bait for tuna and swordfish, often fished on a drift with a balloon to keep it at the right depth.
- Sardines (Sardina pilchardus) – used in chumming or as cut bait, especially for smaller tuna.
- Anchovies (Engraulis encrasicolus) – often used in chum slicks to draw fish to the boat.
These are the same small fish that Scylla was said to eat, so the name is a nod to the myth. In practice, anglers do not use “Scylla” as a brand or species; they simply use whatever baitfish is abundant in the strait.
How to Choose the Right Bait for Predator Fishing
Choosing the right bait depends on the target species, the time of year, and the local baitfish population. For swordfish in the Strait of Messina, the most effective method is live bait fishing with a bolentino (a bottom fishing rig) or a drifting balloon rig. Here are key factors:
- Match the hatch: Use bait that is naturally present in the area. In the strait, that means bluefish, mackerel, or sardines.
- Size matters: Swordfish prefer larger bait, around 20–30 cm, while tuna may take smaller bait like sardines.
- Freshness: Live bait is always better than dead, but if using dead bait, keep it fresh and oily.
- Depth: Swordfish often feed at depths of 50–100 meters, so use a weighted line or a downrigger to get the bait down.
Local fishermen often use a technique called spadara, which involves setting a long line with multiple hooks baited with live bluefish or mackerel, drifting with the current. This method has been used for generations and is still the most common way to catch swordfish in the strait.
Common Problems and Misconceptions
One common misconception is that “Scylla bait fish” refers to a specific species of fish that Scylla ate. In reality, no such species exists; the term is a cultural reference. Another problem is that fishing in the Strait of Messina is dangerous due to strong currents and whirlpools, which are the real-world basis for the Charybdis myth. Anglers must be experienced with local conditions, and many use local guides. Also, some tourists expect to see Scylla’s cave, but the exact location is unmarked and many locals believe it was just a metaphor for the dangers of the strait. In fishing terms, the biggest mistake is using bait that is too small or not fresh enough, which results in no bites.
Safety and Regulations in the Strait
Fishing in the Strait of Messina is subject to Italian and EU regulations. Anglers must have a license, and there are size limits and seasonal closures for certain species. For example, bluefin tuna has a minimum size of 30 kg in the Mediterranean, and swordfish has a minimum size of 90 cm. It is also important to respect the marine protected area of the strait, which has restrictions on certain gears. Safety-wise, the strait has strong currents that can exceed 5 knots, so small boats should avoid the narrowest points during peak tides. Always wear a life jacket and carry a VHF radio. If you are not an experienced local, hire a licensed guide.
Alternatives to Fishing in Scylla’s Waters
If you are interested in the myth but not ready for the dangerous currents, you can fish in nearby areas like the Ionian or Tyrrhenian coasts, which have similar species but calmer waters. Or, if you are more interested in the mythology, you can visit the town of Scilla (named after Scylla) in Calabria, which has a castle and a beach where the monster was said to live. Many museums in Sicily and Calabria have ancient pottery depicting Scylla, and the Strait of Messina is a popular spot for whale watching, as sperm whales and dolphins are often seen. For those who want to fish but avoid the risk, catch-and-release fishing for smaller species like mackerel or sea bass is a safe alternative.
Frequently Asked Questions
What is a Scylla bait fish?
There is no specific fish called “Scylla bait fish.” The term is a colloquial reference to the bait used in the Strait of Messina, where the monster Scylla was said to live. Anglers use common Mediterranean baitfish like bluefish, mackerel, and sardines.
Is Scylla a real animal?
No, Scylla is a mythical creature from Greek mythology. She is described as a six-headed monster in Homer’s Odyssey and later as a nymph transformed by Circe in Ovid’s Metamorphoses. She is not a real animal.
Can you fish in the Strait of Messina?
Yes, fishing is allowed, but it is challenging due to strong currents. You need a license and must follow local regulations. Many anglers hire local guides who know the safe routes and best spots.
What is the best bait for swordfish in the Mediterranean?
Live bluefish or mackerel are the most effective baits for swordfish in the Mediterranean, especially in the Strait of Messina. They are oily and attract the fish’s attention. Use a balloon rig to keep the bait at the right depth.
Is the myth of Scylla based on a real place?
Most scholars agree that Scylla and Charybdis were inspired by the dangers of the Strait of Messina, where strong currents and whirlpools pose a real threat to ships. The myth likely served as a warning to sailors.
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